Surprising news about the solutrean hypothesis should give. Apr 11, 2018 evidence for preclovis use of bone tools, and for the use of nets and fabrics has also been discovered. There is no evidence of anything like it in asia or even the west coast of north america at the time. Feb 21, 2018 the notion of overshot flaking technique as evidence of a link between clovis and solutrean has been challenged by many archaeologists, who think it far more plausible that the two cultures. Our ancient white solutrean ancestors in america and. The oldest north american genome and what it tells us. The theory suggests that the original colonizers of the americas were asians, who were isolated by climate change on the nowunderwater island of beringea for several thousand years. Kennewick man turned out yhaplogroup q amerindian and maternal dna x2solutrean. Supplying archaeological and oceanographic evidence to support this assertion, the book dismantles the old paradigm while persuasively linking clovis technology with the culture of the solutrean people who occupied france and spain more than 20,000 years ago. The solutrean hypothesis, first put forward in the 1930s and revived more recently by dennis j. A few recent publications and documentaries have hypothesized about an ancient transatlantic migration that possibly could mean ancient europeans or ancient israelites contributed to the. The points found in clovis, nm date to around,500 years ago while catus hill and other sites are at least 15,000 old.
But the ones that crossed into america seems to have been from a tribe that had maternal haplotype x2 only, likely evidence that this solutrean migration was very restricted, might have only happened once by small daring clan. See more ideas about archaeology, prehistory and dna research. Mar 10, 2014 brian kemp extracted dna evidence from the stickman skeleton dating to 10,300 years ago, found at on your knees cave on prince of wales island alaska, which shows a match to only one asian population, the han of china, and largely coastal amerindian populations, but is mostly absent in the interior. The artifact was recovered by the scallop trawler cinmar in 1970, together with a mastodon skull, in water 240 feet deep nearly 60 miles off cape charles. On the chronological structure of the solutrean in southern. Feb, 2014 genetic study kills off solutrean hypothesis ive blogged before about the woebegone solutrean hypothesis, and im happy to say that it is now dead. There is a mysterious dna part of ancient europeans which died out some how, not a trace. The authors trace the migrations of the denisovan giants throughout the world, their cultural and technological influences, and their interbreeding with neanderthals and early human populations in asia, europe, australia, and the americas more than 40,000 years ago. Dna evidence can be collected from blood, hair, skin cells, and other bodily substances.
The notion of overshot flaking technique as evidence of a link between clovis and solutrean has been challenged by many archaeologists, who think it far more plausible that the two cultures. Brian kemp extracted dna evidence from the stickman skeleton dating to 10,300 years ago, found at on your knees cave on prince of wales island alaska, which shows a match to only one asian population, the han of china, and largely coastal amerindian populations, but is mostly absent in the interior. Evidence for american human settlement before clovis. Acigarettebuttfoundatacrimescenemaycontainvaluablednamaterialin thedriedsaliva. There is no evidence of boat use, or tools used for making boats at. Much of the evidence seems to suggest a marine lifestyle, at least along the coastlines. Some people believe that the first peoples of the americas were the solutreans, a stone age people from france and spain who existed around 25 kya, and ended 16,500 ya. This idea has its roots in the 19thcentury when archaeologists such as cc abbott postulated that the americas had been colonized by paleolithic europeans. The solutrean clovis connection more formally known as the north atlantic iceedge corridor hypothesis is one theory of the peopling of the american continents that suggest that the upper paleolithic solutrean culture is ancestral to clovis. My interest in the movie centered mostly around the question of how much, if any, of the storyline would revolve around the central claim of the solutrean hypothesis that late pleistocene europeans colonized eastern north america. The solutreans eventually spread across north america, carrying their distinctive blades with them and giving birth to the later clovis culture, which emerged some,000 years ago. Beringian standstill hypothesis of the first americans. Oct 01, 2019 this led a small number of lds and non. The origin of americas clovis culture expands upon and revises.
According to the solutrean hypothesis, the first americans were stone age europeans who came to north america several thousand years earlier than the ice bridge theory proposes. Statistical issues the evaluation of forensic dna evidence. According to researchers, mtdna puts the origin of homo sapiens much further back. Joseph lorenz of the coriell institute for medical research conducted dna tests on the 5,000 year old bodies that were found in. The book of mormon and the origin of native americans from a. The solutrean hypothesis is a controversial proposal that peoples from europe may have been among the earliest settlers in the americas, as evidenced by similarities in stone tool technology of the solutrean culture from prehistoric europe to that of the later clovis toolmaking culture found in the americas. They are presenting their detailed evidence in a new book across. The solutrean hypothesis the alternative hypothesis. Lds scholars to write articles and books claiming that dna studies refute the historicity of the book of mormon the lds scholarly community was quick to respond with articles and papers debunking the uninformed false claims that dna evidence proves the book of mormon false.
Jan 28, 2016 i think the authors of this paper have done a good job of presenting the evidence in both directions then drawing conclusions based on scientific data as we know it. Whatever happened, the migration through the ice free corridor was massively dominating and possibly even the only one as you assert. There is no evidence from the known solutrean sites in europe that they were involved in any sort of seafaring, and it ignores the 4000 year time gap between the solutrean and clovis cultures. They are seeking to uncover evidence of an epic journey that the. So your blanket statement is apparently flat out false. Once the sample is tested, it may be crossreferenced with dna profiles already in a database or with genetic data provided by a suspect. Nov 29, 2014 the solutrean hypothesis is trapped on all sides technological parallels between clovis and solutrean are overstated, a transatlantic crossing is hard to fathom or prove, clovis mtdna has east eurasian affinities, clovis autosomal dna has south american affinities, prelgm south siberian dna has west eurasian affinities making a direct. The solutrean hypothesis is a minority opinion concerning the human settlement of north america. Those tools also strongly resemble solutrean blades found in europe. The notion of overshot flaking technique as evidence of a link between clovis and solutrean has been challenged by many archaeologists, who.
They havent produced evidence to refute the solutrean hypothesis, said geneticist stephen oppenheimer of oxford university, a leading expert on using dna to track ancient migrations. Oct 31, 2014 the solutrean hypothesis for the origin of the clovis archaeological culture contends that people came from southwestern europe to north america during the last glacial maximum. However, extraordinary new evidence supports an explosive new. It does not say that the odds that the suspect contributed the evidence dna are 1,000. To obtain such a probability requires using bayess theorem and a prior probability that is assumed or estimated on the basis of non dna evidence. This hypothesis has received numerous critiques, but little objective testing, either of cultural or genetic evidence. One of the most reliable forms of evidence in many criminal cases is in our genes, encoded in dna deoxyribonucleic acid. Ellen lloyd who the first americans were remains an unanswered and much debated question. Dna evidence perfect paperback september 1, 2009 by t. This work is the sum of over four years of nearly continuous research into possible dna connections between the native american peoples, and the prophesied remnant of the house of israel as contained in the book of mormon. The solutrean theory is based on evidence that north america was originally populated by people from the area that is now france.
Solutrean hypothesis were the first virginians from europe. Mar 15, 2012 in the ice age columbus dvd, fascinating new archaeological data and dna research discovers that europeans discovered the americas 17,000 years prior to the birth of columbus. Ancient origins articles related to solutrean in the sections of history, archaeology, human origins, unexplained, artifacts, ancient places and myths and legends. There are several promising theories, but several scientists say conclusive evidence is still missing.
Lithic technology has been part of the supportive evidence of the solutrean hypothesis. Feb 12, 2014 they havent produced evidence to refute the solutrean hypothesis, said geneticist stephen oppenheimer of oxford university, a leading expert on using dna to track ancient migrations. And tools are not a good evidence of clearly a people, as people do copy, exchange, and independently invent. I think the authors of this paper have done a good job of presenting the evidence in both directions then drawing conclusions based on scientific data as we know it.
Ancient native boys genome reignites debate over first. There has been new evidence emerge in the recent past and there is likely to be more in the future which, depending on the evidence, could cause a reevaluation of this topic. The solutrean hypothesis for the origin of the clovis archaeological culture contends that people came from southwestern europe to north america during the last glacial maximum. New archaeological evidence suggests that america was first.
Clovis gets its name from clovis, new mexico, where the first such blade was discovered. Ive come to the conclusion that there was still some european dna left in east coast amerindians. Nov 29, 2004 forensic dna evidence interpretation is the most comprehensive resource for dna casework available today. The solutrean hypothesis is trapped on all sides technological parallels between clovis and solutrean are overstated, a transatlantic crossing is hard to fathom or prove, clovis mtdna has east eurasian affinities, clovis autosomal dna has south american affinities, prelgm south siberian dna has west eurasian affinities making a direct.
Thomas author see all 2 formats and editions hide other formats and editions. The people known as amerindians arrived thousands of years later. New evidence supportsdenies the solutrean hypothesis. Dna evidence linking american indians to europeans there are no known human remains of the european solutreans or clovis culture in north america. A 2015 reevaluation of the dna evidence states that x2a has not been found anywhere in eurasia, and. You need more than a lack of evidence against your theory, one that is already shaky to begin with, to support it. There is solutrean evidence, just not much of dna evidence, if any. New evidence suggests stone age hunters from europe discovered. It also ignores dna evidence which has shown that north american indigenous peoples have. The beringian standstill hypothesis or beringian incubation model, bim is a widelysupported model of the human colonization of the americas. Genetic data does not support ancient transatlantic. Mar 04, 2012 the points found in clovis, nm date to around,500 years ago while catus hill and other sites are at least 15,000 old. The solutrean hypothesis is challenged by large gaps in time between the clovis and solutrean eras, a lack of evidence of solutrean seafaring, lack of specific solutrean features and tools in clovis technology, the difficulties of the route and other issues.
The solutrean hypothesis is a controversial proposal that peoples from europe may have been among the earlie. It also ignores dna evidence which has shown that north american indigenous peoples have genetic links to asia, not europe. New evidence supports the solutrean hypothesis the solutrean hypothesis. In the ice age columbus dvd, fascinating new archaeological data and dna research discovers that europeans discovered the americas 17,000 years. At 6 minutes and 30 seconds into the above video clip, a scientists talks about prehistoric dna found in north america. If solutrean boat people washed up on our shores, they suffered cultural amnesia, genetic amnesia. It is false to say that the solutreans were not ethnically european. There is mitochondrial dna evidence for a european migration. Review of books on the book of mormon 19892011 by an authorized editor of byu scholarsarchive. Learn about dna evidence and more at findlaw s criminal procedure section. Jan 30, 2019 dna evidence is analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction pcr method, which allows for very small samples to be tested and identified. Ive blogged before about the woebegone solutrean hypothesis, and im happy to say that it is now dead.
The study argues against the apparently anomalous mtdna haplogroup x2a having migrated to the americas via an atlantic route. Jan 15, 2016 a few recent publications and documentaries have hypothesized about an ancient transatlantic migration that possibly could mean ancient europeans or ancient israelites contributed to the. While dna testing is not completely foolproof, it is more than 99. This hypothesis has received numerous critiques, but little objective. Pericot proposed a sequence in three major phases lowerprotosolutrean, middle and upper and a fourth final stage, called solutreoaurignacian. Was north america peopled by solutreans who crossed. Stanford and bradleys 2012 book across atlantic ice.
Written by leaders in the fields of biology and statistics, the book emphasizes the interpretation of test results and provides the necessary formulae in an easily accessible manner. The solutrean hypothesis historical maps, human dna, map. Solutreanclovis connection in american colonization. Likely i have a suspicious mind, but i found it perplexing that when the program reaired six months later,the highly controversial material re solutrean being the earliest humans to arrive in n. Feb, 2014 not so fast martin r, the dna results from one child 500 to 1,000 years after the beginning of the clovis era in no way invalidates the solutrean hypothesis for the origin of clovis points. Kennewick man turned out yhaplogroup q amerindian and maternal dna x2 solutrean. The oldest north american genome and what it tells us about. The solutrean hypothesis is not entirely invalid an ideawith ingenuity, experience, and sufficient resources, stone aged peoples could construct ocean going watercraft. To the best of my recollection, the program presented dna evidence supporting solutrean emigration to north america. Not so fast martin r, the dna results from one child 500 to 1,000 years after the beginning of the clovis era in no way invalidates the solutrean hypothesis for the origin of clovis points. This theory hypothesizes that this migration was accomplished by travel using primitive boating along the ice packed land of the north atlantic ocean. Scientific tests on ancient dna extracted from 8000 year old.
Stanford and bruce bradley, suggests that the solutreans, a group of prehistoric spaniards from around 15,000 bce traveled across the atlantic and gave rise to the clovis culture of the americas around 11,000 bce. The most significant piece of evidence for the solutrean hypothesis is a stone blade, a bifacial knife manufactured by the overshot flaking technique. Rare sites indicate that preclovis people sometimes lived in clusters of huts. Critics blast cbc documentary on solutrean hypothesis for. Evidence refuting the theory of humanitys african genesis is common knowledge among those familiar with the most recent scientific papers on the human genome, mitochondrial dna and ychromosomes. Our ancient white solutrean ancestors in america and around the world. Recent dna results have called this interpretation into question.
Sep 10, 2015 the first classification of the solutrean in southern iberia was established by pericot based on the analysis of the materials recovered in the 1930s excavations at parpallo cave table 1. To obtain such a probability requires using bayess theorem and a prior probability that is assumed or estimated on the basis of nondna evidence. Native american haplogroup x2a solutrean, hebrew or. Forensic dna evidence interpretation is the most comprehensive resource for dna casework available today.
The genetic and artifactual evidence appear overwhelming, and the criticisms of the solutrean hypothesis either dont address the main evidence for it, or do it in an extremely uncompelling way handwaving away artifactual evidence as convergent invention, ignoring the eastwest movement of sites and saying the r and x haplogroups. As stated earlier, only if that prior probability is 12 will the posterior odds equal the lr. Solutrean theory the solutrean theory proposes that the migration into the north america was from the continent of europe 17,000 to 21,000 years ago. Just like afrocentrists have cockamamie theories, so do eurocentrists. There are no known human remains of the european solutreans or clovis culture in north america.
The radiocarbon dates from purported preclovis archaeological sites presented by stanford and bradley are consistently earlier in north america, predating solutrean culture in europe by 510 thousand years. Faithful readers of my blog may remember several posts from 2016 and 2015 here and here about the production of a movie titled the solutrean. The solutrean hypothesis on the peopling of the americas claims that the earliest human. The oldest wellcharacterised archaeological culture in america is the clovis culture. Humanitys forgotten return to africa revealed in dna see more. The hypothesis is challenged by large gaps in time between the clovis culture and solutrean eras, a lack of evidence of solutrean seafaring, lack of specific solutrean features and tools in clovis technology, the difficulties of the route, and other. Meltzer is among those still skeptical of the solutrean hypothesis, citing the scant evidence. New evidence supportsdenies the solutrean hypothesis updated. Click to view on the internet rediscovering the book of mormon remnant through dna by rod meldrum. The idea of a clovis solutrean link remains controversial and does not enjoy wide acceptance. However, more recent discoveries of haplogroup x2a and subgroups have been more widely geographically dispersed. Rediscovering the bom remnant through dna book of mormon. The mtdna x2a evidence is more consistent with the atlantic route and dates suggested by the solutrean hypothesis and is more parsimonious than the assumption of a single beringian entry, that.
They show that, without this early hybridization, the modern world as we know it would not exist. Many of the early carriers of haplogroup x2a were found in eastern maritime canada, a prime theoretical landing location for solutreans. Pdf the solutrean hypothesis for the origin of the clovis. The book received significant media attention, but evaluations of the evidence by professional archaeologists find the book unconvincing. The solutrean hypothesis starts from a comparison with spearheads from the solutrean. Dna evidence linking american indians to europeans. Therefore, no dna can be directly assessed to determine the nature and extent of the association of these two groups. Genetic study kills off solutrean hypothesis scienceblogs. We were here first and john summarizes the evidence as you will find it nowhere else, and complete with excellent graphics. A recent dna study challenges a genetic argument often made in favor of the hypothesis. On the chronological structure of the solutrean in. It holds, essentially, during the last ice age, anatomically modern humans from europe crossed via an ice bridge or over open water to north america.
Evidence for preclovis use of bone tools, and for the use of nets and fabrics has also been discovered. Its main diagnostic type is a large knapped stone spearhead with a fluted base. Our ancient white solutrean ancestors in america and around. However, there is more to it than simple capability.